INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
[ICT]
EVOLUTION OF COMMUNICATION
Communication has improved and evolved to facilitate our daily activities. In the 21st century, everything
related to communication utilizes technology to ‘send out’ or disseminate information to a wider audience.
Information can be ‘sent out’ in many ways. The inventions of cellular phones, television and other
electronic devices are important in enhancing communication.
ICT
ICT is the technology required for information processing, in particular, the use of electronic computers,
communication devices and software applications to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve
information from anywhere, anytime.
INFORMATION
Information refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study or research. The tools to
transmit information are the telephone, television and radio. We need information to make decisions and to
predict the future. For example, scientists can detect the formation of a tsunami using the latest technology
and warn the public to avoid disasters in the affected areas. Information is knowledge and helps us to fulfill
our daily tasks. For example, forecasting the stock exchange market.
COMMUNICATION
Communication is an act of transmitting messages. It is a process whereby information is exchanged
between individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interactions. Previously, people communicated through
sign or symbols, performing drama and poetry. With the advent of technology, these ‘older’ forms of
communication are less utilised as compared to the use of the Internet, e-mail or video conferencing.
Communication is important in order to gain knowledge. With knowledge, we are more confident in
expressing our thoughts and ideas.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology is the use of scientific knowledge, experience and resources to create processes and products
that fulfill human needs. Technology is vital in communication.
Aiding Communication
Telephone and fax machines are the devices used in extending communication.
Spreading Information
To broadcast information such as news or weather reports effectively. Radio, television, satellites and the
World Wide Web [www] are powerful tools that can be used.
COMPUTER GENERATION