Magruder's American Government
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555 solutions
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Terms in this set [6]
Explain the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendment. Why was each of them proposed and ratified? How did Congress get the Southern States agree to ratify them?
13th- Abolished Slavery in US, meaning that it made slavery illegal and it was proposed and ratified as a result of the Civil War. Congress got the
southern states to agree to ratify them.
14th- The 14th amendment established 3 clauses. Citizenship Clause, Due Process Clause, and the Equal Protection Clause. This was proposed and ratified to counteract the black codes. They agreed to let the southern states back in the union if they rtified this amendment
15th- This amendment stopped discrimination of voting based on race, color, or previos condition of servitude, which granted slaves the right to vote. This amendment was proposed and
ratifified because the 14th amendment made them citizens, but didn't give them the right to vote.
Amending the Constitution is an important part of the United States Government. Explain the 4 ways that an amendment can be proposed and can be ratified. Why is amending the Constitution important?
1. An amendment may be proposed by a two-thirds vote in each house of Congress and ratified by three-fourths of the
State legislatures.
2. An amendment may be proposed by Congress and ratified by conventions, called for that purpose, in three-fourths of the States.
3. An amendment may be proposed by a national convention, called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of the State legislatures. It must then be ratified by three-fourths of the State legislatures.
4. An amendment may be proposed by a national convention and then ratified by conventions in three-fourths of the States.
Four Amendments 16 through 19 responded to calls for reform during the Progressive Era. What are the four amendments and what are the cause and effects of each of these amendments, including how it has changed the U.S. Government?
16th- authorizes the United States to collect income tax without regard to the population of the states. Established progressive tax which meant that people with higher incomes pay a higher tax than
people with a lower income.
Cause- Established Progressive Tax
Effect- Allowed the government to tax the states accurately
17th- Declares that all persons whom the State allows to vote for members of "the most numerous Branch" [the larger house] of its legislature are automatically qualified to vote for candidates for the U.S. Senate.
Cause- Allowed the people to elect who represented their state
Effect- Began the direct election of senators
18th- Esatblished a prohibition of
alcohol. THey thought it would decrease crime
Cause- Increased crime
Effect- The 21st amendment which ratified the 18th
19th- The 19th allowed women to vote
Cause- Realized that women were capable of making their own decisions because they had to take over during the war
Effect- Showed a true democracy because it included everyone in the country not just men.
Identify the conflict that existed in the nation that led to the ratification of the 15th Amendment.
The conflict that existed was black codes, poll taxes, literacy test, and the grandfather clause
The Black Codes were seen as a series of laws enacted by Southern States after the Civil War. They greatly limited the civil rights and freedom of freedmen. Show how either the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments helped to promote equality for former slaves.
The fourteenth amendment helped promote equality for former slaves with the Equal Protection Clause. This clause extended the protections found in the Bill of Rights to State Government. Before this, it only protected you from the federal government. This clause implied that no state has the right to deny anyone within its borders the equal protection of the laws. This clause would later help bring an end to segregation and discrimination in the South.
The 14th Amendment defined citizenship as "all persons born or naturalized in the United States," granting the former slaves citizenship. The 14th Amendment established 3 clauses. What are they and how did they help expand equality for other groups later in United States history? Give examples.
Citizenship Clause- Grants all former slaves citizenship.
Due Process Clause- Provided all citizens with Due Process of Law. Protects all rights
found in first amendment. Cannot be taken away without due process, which is trial by jury for priplr convited of a crime.
Equal Protections Clause- Extended the protections fond in the bill of rights to state government. Implied that no state has the right to deny anyone within its borders the equal protections of the laws.
Magruder's American Government
1st EditionSavvas Learning Co
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