The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information is
AB memorythe persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information. encodingthe processing of information into the memory system-for example, by extracting meaning. storagethe retention of encoded information over time. retrievalthe process of getting information out of memory storage. sensory memorythe immediate, very brief first recording of sensory information in the memory system. short-term memoryactivated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten. long-term memorythe relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences. working memorya newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and associating it with information retrieved from long-term memory. parallel processingthe processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with the step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers and of conscious problem solving. automatic processingunconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings. effortful processingencoding that requires conscious attention. rehearsalthe conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage. spacing effectthe tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice. serial position effectour tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list. visual encodingthe encoding of picture images. acoustic encodingthe encoding of sound, especially the sound of words. semantic encodingthe encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words. imagerymental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding. mnemonicsmemory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices. chunkingorganizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically. iconic memorya momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second. echoic memorya momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds. long-term potentiation (LTP)an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory. flashbulb memorya clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event. amnesiathe loss of memory. hippocampusa neural center that is located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage. implicit memoryretention independent of conscious recollection. (Also called nondeclarative or procedural memory.) explicit memorymemory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and " declare." (Also called declarative memory.) recalla measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test. recognitiona measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test. relearninga measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time. primingthe wakening or activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response. déjà vueerie sense that "I've experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience. mood-congruent memorythe tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad emotions. proactive interferencethe disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information. retroactive interferencethe disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information. repressionin psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness. misinformation effectincorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event. source amnesiaattributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined. (Also called source misattribution.) Source amnesia, along with the misinformation effect, is at the heart of many false memories.
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Google and related marks and logos are trademarks of Google LLC. All other company and product names are trademarks of the companies with which they are associated. What is the disruption effect of new learning on the recall of old information?Retroactive interference (retro=backward) occurs when you forget a previously learnt task due to the learning of a new task. In other words, later learning interferes with earlier learning - where new memories disrupt old memories.
What is it called when new information interferes with the recall of old information?Retroactive interference happens when an individual is unable to recall old information because new information prevents its retrieval. In other words, new memories interfere with the retrieval of old memories. Retroactive interference has been shown to disrupt learning.
Is the forwardProactive Interference: The forward-acting disruptive effect of older learning on the recall of new information. The backward-acting disruptive effect of newer learning on the recall of old information.
When old memories interfere with a new memory?Proactive interference occurs when old memories hinder the ability to make new memories. In this type of interference, old information inhibits the ability to remember new information, such as when outdated scientific facts interfere with the ability to remember updated facts.
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