What is an information system? what is the role of feedback in a system?
UNSPECIFIED (1995) THE ROLE OF FEEDBACK IN ASSESSING INFORMATION-SYSTEMS PLANNING EFFECTIVENESS. JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS, 4 (1). pp. 61-80. Show Research output not available from this repository, contact author. Request Changes to record. AbstractResearch conducted over the past decade into the key issues of information systems management has ranked information systems planning as one of the major concerns, Problems encountered in information systems planning have been experienced by many companies for over 25 years, Although during this period the focus of planning has changed, some of the original problems (eg linkage between information systems strategy and business strategy) still exist, Until now, researchers in this area have tended to focus their attention on the development of information systems planning methods/methodologies. However, there is little evidence to suggest that these methods/methodologies are addressing some of the major issues (eg insufficient resources such as people, funds and computer time, failure in plan implementation) that have plagued information systems planning over the years with a view to improving ISP effectiveness, This paper argues that clarification is needed as to the scope of the information systems planning activity and suggests that a multi-dimensional perspective needs to be taken in order to improve information systems planning, It identifies a major component of information systems planning effectiveness which has had little attention paid to it in the past, namely feedback, and suggests ways in which to investigate whether a relationship exists between the presence/quality of these feedback mechanisms and planning effectiveness.
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An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect or retrieve, process, store, and distribute information to support decision-making and control in an organization. Information systems can also be used to analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, and create new products. Information is data, or raw facts, shaped into useful form for humans. [Figure 1-5]
Computer-based information systems (CBIS) are structured information systems that rely on computer hardware and software technology. Information systems are employed to support decision making and control in an organization. Input, processing, and output are the three activities in an information system that produce the information an organization needs. Feedback is output returned to the various members of the organization to refine or correct input. [Figure 1-6]
From a business perspective, an information system may be important for increased productivity or increased revenue, for coping with governmental regulations or other environmental demands, or simply for remaining competitive within the industry. Information systems can also lead to better management decisions, more efficient business processes, and higher firm profitability. Every business has an information value chain in which raw information is acquired and systematically transformed through various stages that add value to that information. [Figure 1-7]
An information system also represents an organizational and management solution, based on information technology, to a challenge posed by the environment. Information systems literacy, the understanding of information systems, includes the understanding of the broader organization, management, and information technology dimension of systems and their power to provide solutions. [Figure 1-8]
The key elements of an organization are its people, structure, operating system, politics and culture. An organization coordinates work through a structured hierarchy and formal, standard operating procedures. Managerial, professional, and technical employees form the upper levels of the organization's hierarchy while lower levels consist of operational personnel. Knowledge workers such as engineers and scientists design products and create and distribute new knowledge for the organization. Data workers such as secretaries process the organization's paperwork. Production or service workers produce the products or services. Different levels of management have different information needs. Senior managers need information for long-range strategic decisions. Middle managers need information for carrying out the plans of senior management. Operational managers need information to monitor the firm's daily activities. Computer-based information systems use computer hardware, computer software, storage technology, and communications technology. These technologies constitute the firm’s information technology (IT) infrastructure. Information technology investments cannot make organizations and managers more effective unless they are accompanied by complementary assets: supportive values, structures, and behavior in the organization and management. Investments in organizations and management that allow a firm to realize value from technology investments are called organizational and management capital. [Figure 1-9]
What is the role of feedback in information system?In transaction processing and database systems, feedback is used to verify the data. The next part of the system involves the use of the organized data in a variety of models. The model base can include both predictive and optimization models to aid in complex analysis.
What is meant by information system?information system, an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, and processing data and for providing information, knowledge, and digital products.
What is the role of information system in?The Role of Information Systems
Information systems allow users to collect, store, organize and distribute data—functions that can serve a variety of purposes for companies. Many businesses use their information systems to manage resources and improve efficiency.
What is the role of data in an information system?Data are only the raw facts, the material for obtaining information. Information systems use data stored in computer databases to provide needed information. A database is an organized collection of interrelated data reflecting a major aspect of a firm's activities.
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