Who used the three persuasive appeals ethos pathos and logos to explain how rhetoric works *?
The Rhetorical Triangle: Ethos, Pathos and LogosThousands of years ago, Aristotle provided us with three ways to appeal to an audience, and they’re called logos, pathos, and ethos. You’ll learn more about each appeal in the discussion below, but the relationship between these three appeals is also often called the rhetorical triangle as shown in Figure 8.2. The idea is a persuasive message has all 3 of the points of a triangle. (As you can see, this is a very triangle-heavy chapter). Show
Latin for emotion, pathos is the fastest way to get your audience’s attention. People tend to have emotional responses before their brains kick in and tell them to knock it off. Be careful though. Too much pathos can make your audience feel emotionally manipulated or angry because they’re also looking for the facts to support whatever emotional claims you might be making so they know they can trust you. Many donations campaigns draw on pathos, such as this classic ASPCA ad: LogosLatin for logic, logos is where those facts come in. Your audience will question the validity of your claims; the opinions you share in your writing need to be supported using science, statistics, expert perspective, and other types of logic. However, if you only rely on logos, your writing might become dry and boring, so even this should be balanced with other appeals. EthosLatin for ethics, ethos is what you do to prove to your audience that you can be trusted, that you are a credible source of information. (See logos.) It’s also what you do to assure them that they are good people who want to do the right thing. This is especially important when writing an argument to an audience who disagrees with you. It’s much easier to encourage a disagreeable audience to listen to your point of view if you have convinced them that you respect their opinion and that you have established credibility through the use of logos and pathos, which show that you know the topic on an intellectual and personal level. You can also gain ethos through your use of sources. Reliable, appropriate sources act as expert voices that provide a perspective you don’t have. Layout, graphic design choices, white space, style and tone: all of these factors influence your ethos. FallaciesRegardless of what appeals you use in your writing, it is important to be aware of fallacies (errors in reasoning) because they can reduce the impact of your message on your reader. For more information on common fallacies, refer to these resources available from the Writing Commons:
Using Ethos, Pathos and LogosAccording to Aristotle, a solid argument needed ethos, pathos and logos. That doesn’t mean that you should try to balance each one in every persuasive argument you make. Instead, ethos, pathos and logos help us do two things:
Practicing Ethos, Pathos and LogosTo practice your rhetorical triangle skills, see if you can identify how this vintagead for candy is using ethos, pathos and logos. It’s a little hard to read, so the hotspots repeat the text. (You’ll also notice that this ad is a product of its time. Would a candy ad for today ever have this much text?) Image DescriptionFigure 8.2 image description: Starting at the top of the triangle, ethos, which is ethics and credibility; then, going counterclockwise pathos, which is emotion; and logos, which is logic and reason, are the three points in the rhetorical triangle. [Return to Figure 8.2] … a core concept in Communication Skills and Atlas 109 Concept descriptionLogos, ethos and pathos are the three rhetorical appeals set out in 350 BC by Aristotle in On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse and used by many today to organize advice on public speaking and how to persuade. Andrew Dlugan notes that many teachers of communication, speech, and rhetoric consider Aristotle’s On Rhetoric to be a seminal work in the field. Indeed, the editors of The Rhetoric of Western Thought: From the Mediterranean World to the Global Setting call it “the most important single work on persuasion ever written.” Dlugan says that it is hard to argue this claim; most advice from modern books can be traced back to Aristotle’s foundations. On his website, Six Minutes – Speaking and Presentation Skills, Dlugan lists questions to ask oneself:
Marie Danziger, a lecturer in public policy at the Kennedy School, summarizes her advice on How To Be Persuasive as:
Drawn from Andrew Dlugan at http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/ethos-pathos-logos/, accessed 20 January 2016 and Marie Danziger, How to be Persuasive at http://shorensteincenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/HOW-TO-BE-PERSUASIVE_new2013.pdf, accessed 20 January 2016. Atlas topic and subjectPractices of Persuasion (core topic) in Communication Skills Page created by: Ian Clark, last modified on 4 August 2022. Image: Ethical Use of Credibility Appeals, at https://www.boundless.com/communications/textbooks/boundless-communications-textbook/methods-of-persuasive-speaking-15/credibility-appeals-76/ethical-usage-298-4315/, accessed 22 January 2016. Who developed the 3 types of rhetorical persuasion?Ethos, Pathos, and Logos are referred to as the 3 Persuasive Appeals (Aristotle coined the terms) and are all represented by Greek words. They are modes of persuasion used to convince audiences.
Who created the 3 purposes of persuasion?Aristotle determined that persuasion comprises a combination of three appeals: logos, pathos, and ethos.
Who invented rhetorical appeals?Concept description. Logos, ethos and pathos are the three rhetorical appeals set out in 350 BC by Aristotle in On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse and used by many today to organize advice on public speaking and how to persuade.
Which philosopher argued that there were 3 types of persuasive appeals?Over 2,000 years ago the Greek philosopher Aristotle argued that there were three basic ways to persuade an audience of your position: ethos, logos, and pathos.
|
